Recently we showed that in groups of captive bonobos, relationship quality can objectively be described by using Principal Component Analyses and Parallel Analyses. We found two components of relationship quality, Relationship Value, containing proximity, frequency and symmetry of grooming, support and peering behaviour and Relationship Compatibility, containing frequency and symmetry of aggression (Stevens et al., 2015). Here we investigate whether these components influence sexual and social patterns within the bonobo groups. First we looked at the influence of relationship value and compatibility on male mating success in the bonobo groups of Twycross and Apenheul. We found that male mating success with females in estrus correlated with relationship value, but not with compatibility. We also measured female proceptivity as a proxy for female preference and showed that preferred males had higher scores for relationship quality than eschewed males. This suggests that male mating success in bonobos is influenced by affiliative relationships between males and females with female mate choice as an important mechanism. Next we investigated reconciliation in the groups of Wuppertal and Planckendael. In general we found that conciliatory tendencies among bonobos were not higher than those reported for chimpanzees. Preliminary analyses of the effect of relationship value on reconciliation in the groups showed that conciliatory tendencies increased with relationship value but not compatibility. Our results show that the composite measure of relationship Value correlates with two factors that can influence individual fitness, as was originally proposed by Aureli & Cords (2000).