The Pterulaceae, recognized by their coralloid and filiform basidiomes, include species with diverse ecologies. This study identifies a new species, Pterula siamensis, and the first record of Pterulicium xylogenum from Thailand. Diagnostic features of Pterula siamensis are its coriaceous stipe with flexuous, concolorous tips and cylindrical, sometimes capitate cystidia. It possesses unique ITS, LSU, and rpb2 sequences and is phylogenetically separated from other Pterula species with strong support from maximum likelihood bootstrap (99%) and Bayesian posterior probability (1.0) values. Pterulicium xylogenum, which we collected from recently cut bamboo culms and dead bamboo culms, branches, and leaves, has previously been reported as a bamboo and sugarcane pathogen. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of Pterulaceae diversity and distribution, underscoring Thailand’s extensive fungal biodiversity and emphasizing the necessity for continued research on fungal taxonomy and ecology in the region.