Research on the behaviour and use of enclosure space of captive Cape buffalo is scarce and may be of value to understand population dynamics or individual conditions, as well as to optimize animal welfare. This study was carried out to determine the activity budget and enclosure space usage of captive Cape buffalo (n=6) from November 2018 to March 2019 in the Zoo of Antwerp, Belgium. The outdoor enclosure was dumbbell shaped with a length of 60 m and for this research we divided the enclosure into 6 zones (A, B, C, D, E, F). Behaviour and location in the enclosure were continuously observed at the individual level using the ZooMonitor app for 357 hours (mean of 60 hours per individual). Dominance hierarchy was determined using a matrix of displacement behaviours. The diurnal activity budget of the focal buffalo was: 37.5% ruminating, 21.2% standing, 11.7% moving, 11.2% feeding and 18.6% other activities, including social interactions. Aggressive behaviours were found to make up half of the social interactions in the total observation period. Upon a closer look, it was found that the aggressive interactions decreased with each month, making for a 4:1 aggressive:affiliative ratio in the first month as opposed to a 1:4 aggressive:affiliative ratio in the final month. This might be explained by stabilisation of the hierarchy, as the observations started when the dominant female was removed from the group. ZooMonitor created heat maps of use of the enclosure. A significant difference was found between the time spent in certain locations (p<0.05) and some parts of the enclosure were found to be rarely used. Enriching the enclosure might bring about a greater distribution of the usage within the available space and stimulate more foraging activities.