The project aims at comparing mushroom collecting practice in two Man and Biosphere reserves, one in Yunnan, China, and the other in Java, Indonesia. Yunnan is already well-known for murshroom collecting whereas the latter is not. Standard ethnomycological methods (interviews) will be used to study the mushroom collecting practice of local communities. Moreover, the taxonomy of edible mushrooms still being incompletely known, part of the research will be devoted to study the taxonomy of those mushrooms, using both morphological and molecular analyses. The results of the ethnomycological and taxonomical research will be communicated to other Man and Biosphere reserves.